Scalene anterior arises from the transverse processes of C3-6 and inserts into the scalene tubercle on the first rib.
It is an important landmark in the neck with several important structures closely related to it:
Scalene anterior is innervated by the anterior rami of C4-6.
The muscle has two different actions depending on which end is fixed. If the superior end is fixed the first rib is elevated, if the inferior end is fixed the cervical spine is flexed and rotated towards the opposite side.
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